The Mekong River Basin is heavily affected by climate change and anthropogenic activities such as river damming, land use change, and dyke construction, leading to extreme floods and drought occurring more frequently and unpredictably. Consequently, wetland compartments are disconnected from the main rivers, causing a lack of fresh water and nutrients for paddy fields in the Mekong Delta. The project aims to address these challenges by 1) assessing the impacts of climate change and human activities on hydrology, sediment, and agriculture, 2) proposing suitable agricultural cultivation calendars, 3) developing an effective nature-based solution using floating rice tolerant to floods, 4) exploiting flood water and sediment, and 5) proposing livelihood sustainability for farmers. The project results were communicated to stakeholders and policy-makers through workshops, direct meetings, and training courses. The authors also conducted technical training for young researchers and students.