The study identifies and up-scales climate-smart agriculture practices for sustainable food security in high altitude farming in HKH countries. For this purpose, the indigenous knowledge and CSA practices will be explored in order to identify better practices in the region. The study carries out field research in Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan and uses a variety of methods to explore climate change vulnerability of farmers and exploring the current strategies, barriers, farmers willingness, and role of social networks in adopting CSA in study areas. Moreover, sustainable and area-specific CSA practices are developed based on study findings, expert judgement and stakeholder interactions. In order to ensure the effectiveness of CSA for study areas, developed CSA practices will be validated and evaluated using dynamic simulation modelling like DSSAT keeping in view the local climatic conditions, local needs, socio-economic dynamics and institutional support. Further, scale-up pathways for CSA are developed using knowledge-transfer and policy push-models and expert consultations. In addition, a novel Decision Support System for CSA is also developed suggesting ways to improve coordination, institutional and informational access to farmers. The study also conducts capacity workshop on CSA for stakeholders. The project uses a variety of means to disseminate project findings and create awareness about CSA in HKH and other countries with homogeneous conditions.