This study conducted observations from September 2021 to August 2023 in four East Asian cities, including Mandalgobi in south-central Mongolia, Hohhot, and Tianjin in northern China, and Toyama on the west coast of Japan. By using a Laser Direct Infrared Imaging (LDIR) image system to detect microplastics (MPs) in suspended particulate matter and dust fall, the distribution characteristics of AMPs in typical cities in East Asia were described, and the influence of meteorological factors on the distribution of AMPs was also explored. Based on the composition and aging characteristics of MPs, two methods were established to distinguish external MPs pollution. Using such techniques, the risk of long-distance transport of AMPs in East Asia was evaluated under conventional weather conditions, as well as during dust events. In addition, this study calculated the radiative forcings of AMPs in different East Asian cities and compared the climate effects caused by AMPs.