Homegarden ecosystems are considered to be resilient to climate change partly due to the use of efficient and effective adaptation strategies by the homegardeners. This study documents the strategies adopted by homegardeners in Sri Lanka and investigates the determinants of the choice of such strategies. Data gathered from household surveys conducted in three selected locations were analyzed to achieve the study objectives. About 52% of the homegardeners in all locations were found to be small-scale farmers (<0.5 ha) engaged in semisubsistence farming over a long period of time. The majority (85%) of them were educated up to the primary (elementary) level. Among the homegardeners, more than 63% in Keeriyagaswewa, 54% in Pethiyagoda and 90% in Siwalakulama have not made any significant changes to the plant, tree and animal composition of homegardens over the past 20 years. A number of adaptation strategies have been used by the homegardeners enabling them to maintain diversity in the homegarden ecosystem. Changes in planting dates (37%), agronomic practices (39%), use of soil and water conservation measures (41%) and technology (55%) such as the use of new varieties and irrigation equipment, were the most commonly-used adaptation strategies. A considerable variation in the type of adaptation strategies across the households was noted. The results of the probit analysis indicate that the type of employment, age, sex, education level of household head, experience in farming, homegarden size, diversity of homegarden measured by the Shannon Weiner Index (SWI) and perceptions towards climate change, significantly influence the decision to adopt a given strategy. The development programmes to promote adaptation to climate change in homegardens should hence be designed taking the above determinants into consideration.