Concentration and congener-specific profiles of 7 indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were examined in street dust samples collected from an industrial park in Thai Nguyen Province, an urban area in Ha Noi City, and a rural area in Bac Giang Province, northern Vietnam. Concentrations of 7 PCBs in our street dust samples decreased in the order: industrial (media 5.8; range 2.1 – 2.2ng/g) > urban (3.5; 2.4 – 9.7ng/g) > rural samples (0.06; 0.01 – 0.33 ng/g). These observations suggest a current emission of PCBs in the industrial park together with historical releases from electric and electronic equipment in the urban area, indicating the relationship between environmental levels of PCBs and degree of industrialization and urbanization in northern Vietnam. Occupationally exposed persons (e.g., street sweeper, salesman and traffic policemen) and children in the industrial and urban areas were estimated to receive higher exposure doses of dust-bound PCBs compared to the general population; however, human health risks related to street dust contaminated by PCBs in the studied areas were relatively low.