Sri Lanka’s climate is considered tropical monsoonal with a marked seasonal variation of rainfall. Out of the major climatic parameters, temperature, rainfall, humidity, and evaporation are of special significance to Sri Lanka, which can cause substantial impact on the agricultural productivity of the country. The climate changes in recent decades in the forms of drought, flood, cyclone, accelerated land degradation and sea level rise have posed serious threats to national food and water security. The main issues of watershed in Sri Lanka are lack of interest by the land owners, inadequate government  support, violation of acts and conditions enforced by the authorities, improper land use, land tenancy or land ownership issues, climate change impacts, encroachment of forest reserves, deforestation, urbanization, sand and rock mining in catchment areas. All these factors affects watersheds sustainability. Therefore the following watershed interventions can be more appropriate: irrigation management, critical area planting, waste management/utilisation, and micro catchment management.