The aim of the IGBP-LDCs synthesis was to facilitated engagement of LDCs scientists to enhance capacity and generate policy relevant information. Within this the Asian Pacific and SIDS LDCs synthesis covered marine environment, coastal zone management and climate change extremes such as droughts and flood and the potential role of indigenous knowledge systems in addressing these challenges. The Asia Pacific and SIDS LDCs synthesis was based on existing documented and non-documented knowledge and resulted among others in a special issue in the journal of Weather and Climate Extremes, policy briefs and information Dissemination Workshop, in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The synthesis process helped enhance cooperation across scientists, implementers and policy makers on managing environmental change among participant countries particularly in Bangladesh where majority of leading scientists were based. But the synthesis extended over a large spectrum of LDCs viz. Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Cambodia, Myanmar, Yemen, Laos PDR, Kiribati, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Samoa (graduated out of LDcs in 2014), Comoros and São Tomé and Solomon Islands.