Key goals of post-disaster response and longer-term recovery efforts in the affected areas have been to ‘build back better’, to place more emphasis on environmental sustainability, and to strengthen the resilience of communities at risk to be able to cope with and adapt to a range of future environmental changes and risks. This research aims to study whether promises on recovery were kept and followed through over a longer (5-10 year) time period, the lessons were learnt and whether the response of existing loss and damage systems enable or hamper longer-term recovery efforts. This research also aims to confirm on whether the resilience built as intended and whether pathways can be identified through which resilience can be built over the longer-term. The research conducts a critical analysis of the recovery process in four selected case studies of disasters that occurred in the Asia Pacific Region during the last ten years.