Urban Sustainable Development Index (USDI) is a composite index developed by the Energy and Environmental System (EES) laboratory at Kyushu University to represent the overall performance of urban areas in the Asia-pacific region. It is also introduced as a tool for the comparative analysis of the different scenarios which address Low Emissions Development Strategies (LEDS) in the urban energy systems. The USDI is developed to allow cities to plan for potential changes in the final ranking based on the LEDS which is useful to trigger learning, action, and collaboration among the Asia-Pacific cities to increase future performance.