APN E-Lib

Toward a Fire and Haze Early Warning System for Southeast Asia

2013-05-24T01:49:47-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Toward a Fire and Haze Early Warning System for Southeast Asia

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-15NMY-Yoo

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr. Jin Ho Yoo, APEC Climate Center, REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Email

jhyoo@apcc21.net; yoo.jinho38@gmail.com; ndhorstmann@gmail.com

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Jaepil Cho, APEC Climate Center, Korea, jpcho89@apcc21.org
Dr. Saji Hameed, Aizu University, Japan, saji@u-aizu.ac.jp
Dr. Robert Field, Columbia University, USA, rf2426@columbia.edu
Dr. Orbita Roswintiarti, National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), Indonesia, oroswin@indo.net.id
Mr. Kwan Kok Foo, Malaysia Meteorological Department, Malaysia, kkf@met.gov.my
Mr. Antoyo Setyadipratikto, Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency, Indonesia, antoyo309@yahoo.com.id
Mr. Chiam Keng Oon, ASEAN Specialised Meteorological Centre, Singapore chiam_keng_oon@nea.gov.sg
Mr. Israr Albar, Department of Forestry, Indonesia, israralbar@gmail.com

Project Summary

Smoke haze from forest fires is among Southeast Asia’s most serious environmental problems and there is a clear need for a fire and haze early warning system (EWS) for the region. Research has led to a concrete understanding of the human and climatic causes of these forest fires. However, measures to prevent these fires and mitigate their impacts remains limited by the absence of long-lead EWSs. The project builds upon current fire danger rating systems by providing forecasts at a longer lead-time, a time scale that is more relevant and useable for decision-makers. This two-year project consists of three parts: 1) a forecast skill assessment of current and downscaled products supplied by the APEC Climate Center (APCC); 2) the development of a prototype fire danger EWS; and 3) training to mainstream forecasts into standard fire management operating procedures. In 2012, project activity began with a kick-off meeting of all collaborators. An assessment of forecast skill over fire-prone regions in Southeast Asia was performed and both dynamic and statistical downscaling studies have been initiated. Further downscaling experiments and fieldwork and interviews with resource managers will be conducted in 2013, culminating with the development of the prototype EWS and training workshop.

Countries Involved

Japan,USA,Korea ,Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use;
Changes in the Atmospheric, Terrestrial and Marine Domains;
Resources Utilisation and Pathways for Sustainable Development.

Project Duration

2 Years

APN Funds (US$)

73000

Coral Reef and Water Quality Status and Community Understanding of Threats in the Eastern Gulf of Thailand

2013-05-24T01:46:09-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Coral Reef and Water Quality Status and Community Understanding of Threats in the Eastern Gulf of Thailand

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-14NMY-Carter
ARCP2013-09CMY-Carter

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Assoc. Prof. RW (Bill) Carter, Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, AUSTRALIA

Email

bcarter@usc.edu.au

Project Collaborator Emails

Ms. Kath Kelly, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, kathkelly.kk@gmail.com
Mr. Harriot Beazley, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, hbeazley@usc.edu.au
Ms. Neil Tindale, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, ntindale@usc.edu.au
Mr. Yo Worachananant, Kasetsart University, Thailand, suchai.yo@gmail.com
Mr. (Ja) Worachananant, Kasetsart University, Thailand, Pasinee_ja@hotmail.com
Mr. Sokhom Thok, Ministry of Tourism, Cambodia, sokhom_thok@yahoo.co.uk
Mr. Luong Thanh Hai, Dept Science & Technology, KienGiang Province, Vietnam hai.luongthanh@yahoo.com; lthai.skhcn@kiengiang.gov.vn
Mr. Le Van Hong, KienGiang Union of Friendship Organisations, Vietnam lienhiepkg@kuto.vn

Project Summary

The status of coral reefs in the east Gulf of Thailand is unclear, as are trends in fishery take and the status and influence of water quality on reef productivity. Evidence suggests declining reef quality, unsustainable fisheries and increased anthropogenic impacts on water quality, which cascades through trophic levels resulting in reef degradation.
The reefs are adapted to wet-season high turbidity levels; however, additional sediment and pollutants from up-stream land management, increase light attenuation, which limits coral growth. Nutrients in untreated sewage from marine outfalls add to the pressure on corals in the dry season, when tourist visitation is highest.
Small marine national parks have been established, along with proposals, to protect the reefs. Marine systems do not respect national boundaries; neither does anthropogenic activity that impacts the reefs. The east Gulf of Thailand is an integrated system that requires a holistic and adaptive management approach extending beyond national boundaries.
In the absence of complete scientific knowledge, multiple lines of evidence, including community experiential knowledge, are needed to inform management. This knowledge may be the best available for application to adaptive management. The process of acquisition represents an opportunity to engage stakeholders and foster greater community stewardship of marine resources.

Countries Involved

Australia, Thailand, Cambodia, Viet Nam

Scientific Thematic Area

Changes in the Atmospheric, Terrestrial and Marine Domains

Project Duration

2 Years

APN Funds (US$)

60000

A Study on Loss of Land Surface and Changes to Water Resources Resulting from Sea Level Rise and Climate Change

2013-05-24T01:42:05-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

A Study on Loss of Land Surface and Changes to Water Resources Resulting from Sea Level Rise and Climate Change

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-13NMY-DeCosta
ARCP2013-08CMY-DeCosta

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr. G. S. DeCosta, Uintec University, NEW ZEALAND

Email

rdecosta@unitec.ac.nz

Project Collaborator Emails

Prof Eldho & Dr Gosh, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India, subimal@civil.iitb.ac.in; subimal.ghosh@gmail.com; eldhoti@yahoo.com; eldho@civil.iitb.ac.in
Prof. S Samarawickrema, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, samans@civil.mrt.ac.lk
D. Joko Sujono, Gadja Madha Uni., Yogyakarta, Indonesia, jsujono@tsipil.ugm.ac.id; jsujono@yahoo.com;
Dr. T Hamaguchi, Dr. Mori & Dr Yasuda Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan. hamaguti@urh.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp; mori@oceanwave.jp; tomo@oceanwave.jp

Project Summary

The main purpose of the research is to analyze seawater level rise due to climate change using global circulation model (GCM) and then use in conjunction with digital elevation maps and GIS information to predict loss of land surface. It is intended to study in detail the effect of sea level rise on the Waiwhetu aquifer in New Zealand as well as land inundation due to sea level rise in the lower Hutt region of Wellington. Similarly studies will be conducted to investigate the effect on water due to climate change in collaborator countries,
Also it is intended to use the Hydro beam model and PMWIN model to predict salinity intrusion and resulting changes to surface and ground water bodies.
At present we are in the process of analyzing sea level rise, as well as analyzing loss of land surface. Work on analyzing groundwater changes has just begun.

Countries Involved

New Zealand, Srilanka,India,Indonesia,Japan

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use;

Project Duration

2 Years

APN Funds (US$)

79000

Coastal Ecosystem and Changing Economic Activities: Challenges for Sustainability Transition

2013-05-24T01:14:59-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Coastal Ecosystem and Changing Economic Activities: Challenges for Sustainability Transition

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-12NMY-Roy
ARCP2013-07CMY-Roy

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

PROF. Joyashree ROY, Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University , INDIA

Email

joyashreeju@gmail.com

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Janaka Ratnasiri, National Committee of IGBP, Sri Lanka, janakaratnasiri@gmail.com; jratnasiri@sltnet.lk;
Dr. Giasuddin Miah, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh,
giash1960@gmail.com
Dr Shang Chen, Research Center for Marine Ecology, First Institute of Oceanography, China,
qdcs@163.com
Dr. Indrila Guha, Vidyasagar College for Women, Kolkata, India, indrilaguha@hotmail.com
Mr. Rajarshi Banerji, Seafood Exporters’ Association of India, rajarshi.banerji@gmail.com
Dr Sandhya Rao, Integrated Natural Resource Management Consultants, India,
: sandhya.mrigasira@gmail.com

Project Summary

Alteration in coastal ecosystems at any degree, resulting out of either natural forces or human interventions poses threats to the resilience of human and environmental coastal systems (Klein et al 1998; Turner et al 1998; Turner and Daily 2008). In this context the concept of ‘sustainability transition’, which can be characterized as a long term, multi-dimensional and fundamental transformation processes through which systems shift to a more sustainable state (Markard et al 2012) becomes a relevant yardstick for managing the coastal ecosystem. More than a third of the world’s populations live in coastal areas and small islands that comprise 4% of the Earth’s total land area (UNEP, 2006). According to (UNEP 2005) Report, at the global level, coastal population densities are 2.6 times larger than that of inland areas and well-being level of coastal communities is on average much higher than their inland counterparts. Coastal zones yield 90% of global fisheries (Coastal Fluxes in the Anthropocene) and approximately 38 million people are directly engaged in fisheries and trading of fish products (UNEP, 2006). Tourism a flourishing sector provides employment and income earning opportunities to a substantial number of people residing in these areas.

Countries Involved

India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, China

Scientific Thematic Area

Changes in the Atmospheric, Terrestrial and Marine Domainst;
Crosscutting issues

Project Duration

3 Years

APN Funds (US$)

86000

Carbon Fluxes and Emission from the Red River (Viet Nam and China): Human Activities and Climate Change

2013-05-24T00:57:35-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Carbon Fluxes and Emission from the Red River (Viet Nam and China): Human Activities and Climate Change

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-11NMY-Quynh
ARCP2013-06CMY-Quynh

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr LE Thi Phuong Quynh,Institute of Natural Product Chemistry (INPC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), VIETNAM .

Email

quynhltp@yahoo.com

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Duong Thi Thuy, Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam, dthuy@yahoo.com; duongthuy0712@yahoo.com;
Mr. Ho Tu Cuong, Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam, hotucuong@gmail.com
Dr. Tran Thi Bich Nga, Agency of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Vietnam, bich_nga208@yahoo.com
Dr. Lu XiXi, National University of Singapore, Singapore, geoluxx@nus.edu.sg
Dr. Garnier Josette, University of Pierre and Marie Curie, France, josette.garnier@upmc.fr
Dr. Billen Gilles, University of Pierre and Marie Curie, France, gilles.billen@upmc.fr
Prof. Zhou Yue, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, China, zhouyue00000@163.com

Project Summary

Riverine carbon fluxes (discharge to the sea) and emission (outgassing or evasion) are an important part of carbon exchanges between terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric environment. Carbon fluxes and emission of the river are impacted by both natural (plate margin tectonics, volcanic deposits, high elevations, steep slopes, high intensive rainfalls and etc.) and anthropogenic factors (high population density, deforestation, reservoir impoundment, intensive agriculture, and urbanization).
In Asian regions, the river water discharge and sediment loads have been altered dramatically over the past decades as a result of reservoir impoundment, land use, population, and climate changes (Vorosmarty et al., 2003; Walling & Fang, 2003; Lu et al., 2004). Solid sediment loads not only directly contribute organic carbon, but also affect chemical weathering, and biological processes, thereby change carbon consumption and possible emission.
The Red River (Vietnam and China) forming the Red River delta is a good example of a South-East Asian river system strongly affected by climate and human activities. In the present project, the SENEQUE/RIVERSTRAHLER model could be used for relating the carbon transfer at the scale of the whole drainage network to the constraints resulting from human activities and natural conditions in the Red River watershed.

Countries Involved

Viet Nam, Singapore, China, France

Scientific Thematic Area

Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use;
Resources Utilisation and Pathways for Sustainable Development.

Project Duration

3 Years

APN Funds (US$)

120000

Development of an Integrated Climate Change Impact Assessment Tool for Urban Policy Makers (UrbanCLIM)

2013-05-24T00:42:03-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Development of an Integrated Climate Change Impact Assessment Tool for Urban Policy Makers (UrbanCLIM)

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-10NMY-Li
ARCP2013-05CMY-Li

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr. Yinpeng Li, International Global Change Institute, Waikato University, NEW ZEALAND

Email

yinpengli@climsystems.com

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Shuyu Wang: Nanjing University, China: wsy@nju.edu.cn
Dr. Li Dan: START TEA, IAP, CAS, China: danli@mail.tea.ac.cn
Dr Liangcong Luo: Jinan University, Guangzhou, China: tlcluo@jnu.edu.cn; lcluo@niglas.ac.cn;
Dr. Duong Van Khanh: Centre for Water Resources Planning and Investigation (CWRPI), MONRE, Vietnam; khanhnhms@yahoo.com; dvkhanh@monre.gov.vn.
Dr. Fe B. Walag, Deputy Director, Senior Hydrogeologist, Water Resource Centre, University of San Carlos. Philippines, aidawef@yahoo.com.ph
Dr. Yinpeng LI, International Global Change Institute, New Zealand, yinpengli@climsystems.com

Project Summary

Urban areas concentrate populations, economic activities and built environments, thus increasing their risk to floods, heat waves, and other climate and weather hazards that climate change is expected to aggravate. There is an urgent need to develop robust and integrated climate change adaptation strategies for urban areas. The absence of an urban policy making support system that integrates with climate change risk and adaptation assessment is becoming a critical barrier for implementing sustainable climate change policy in Asia’s rapidly growing urban centers. There is a need for a new system that can integrate existing and future natural resource models into a common, collaborative, and ﬂexible framework. Such a system will maintain modularity, reusability, and compatibility. The system will also recognize the fact that different categories of applications may require different levels of scientiﬁc detail and comprehensiveness, as driven by objectives, scale of application, and data constraints.
To help to realize such a system, this project proposes to develop a co-evolutionary urban climate change decision support tool (UrbanCLIM), to include the climate change impact and risk assessment functionality that can extend to the major sectors: climate related hazards resilience, water, transport, and health. The participatory assessment approach will be applied through working with urban policy makers and planners from targeted Asian cities.

Countries Involved

New Zealand, China, Viet Nam, Philippines.

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability

Project Duration

3 Years

APN Funds (US$)

135000

Improving the Robustness, Sustainability, Productivity and Eco-Efficiencies of Rice Systems throughout Asia

2013-05-24T00:31:50-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Improving the Robustness, Sustainability, Productivity and Eco-Efficiencies of Rice Systems throughout Asia

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2012-09NMY-Meinke
ARCP2013-04CMY-Meinke

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Professor Holger Meinke, University of Tasmania, AUSTRALIA

Email

holger.meinke@utas.edu.au
David.Parsons@utas.edu.au

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. David Parsons, TIA-UTAS, Australia, dparsons@utas.edu.au
Dr. Christian Roth, CSIRO, Australia, Christian.roth@csiro.au
Dr. Don Gaydon, CSIRO, Australia, , don.gaydon@csiro.au
Dr. Nageswara Rao, ICRISAT, India, v.nageswararao@cgiar.org
Dr. Raji Reddy, ANGR Agril University, India, dandareddy009@gmail.com
Dr. Dakshina Murthy Kadiyala, ANGR Agril University, India, dakshu2k@gmail.com,
Dr. Rizaldi Boer, CCROM, Indonesia, rizaldiboer@gmail.com
Dr. Akhmad Faqih, CCROM, Indonesia, akhmadfaqih@gmail.com,
Dr. Andria Anria, CCROM, Indonesia, andria.anria@gmail.com
Dr. Gito Sugih Immanuel, CCROM, Indonesia, gito.kribo@gmail.com
Dr. Toshihiro Hasegawa, NIAES Japan thase@affrc.go.jp
Dr. Masood Iqbal Awan, Wageningen University, Pakistan, masood.awan@wur.nl
Prof. Buddhi Marambe, University of Peradeniya , Sri lank bmarambe@yahoo.com
Dr. Lalith Suriyagoda, University of Peradeniya , Sri lank ldbsuriya@yahoo.com
Dr. Punya Delpitiya, Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka punya14@yahoo.com
Dr. Ruwanga Amarasingha, University of Peradeniya , Sri lank ruwanga.amarasingha@gmail.com

Project Summary

The demand for rice is expected to double by 2050, a challenging target in the midst of competing demands for resources, and a changing and variable climate. Required production increases must be achieved sustainably. Productivity increases must focus on combinations of intervention actions at all levels. This requires systems thinking supported by simulation modelling to integrate disciplinary knowledge and provide proactive evaluation of technologies and policies. This project uses in-country RD&E combined with modelling to design more efficient rice systems. We will increase the systems analytical capacities of scientists and organisations, and strengthen a network of researchers. On-going communication with all stakeholders, particularly policy makers will be central.

Countries Involved

Australia, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use;
Crosscutting issues

Project Duration

3 Years

APN Funds (US$)

180000

Developing Ecosystem based Adaptation Strategies for Enhancing Resilience of Rice Terrace Farming Systems against Climate Change

2013-05-24T00:19:51-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Developing Ecosystem based Adaptation Strategies for Enhancing Resilience of Rice Terrace Farming Systems against Climate Change

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2010-13NMY-Herath
ARCP2011-13NMY-Herath
ARCP2012-03CMY-Herath
ARCP2013-03CMY-Herath

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Prof. Anura Srikantha HERATH
Institute for Sustainability and Peace, United Nation University (UNU), JAPAN

Email

herath@unu.edu

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Luohui Liang, United Nations University, Japan
linag@unu.edu
Prof. Lixin Shen, Sustainable Development Institute for Resources and Environment, China
yafslx@gmail.com
Prof. Guillermo Q. Tabios III, University of Philippines (UP), Philippines
gptiii@yahoo.com
Prof. Yuanmei Jiao, Yunnan Normal University, China
ymjiao@gmail.com
Dr. Yi Wang, United Nation University, Japan
ywang@unu.edu
Dr. Jintana Kawasaki, United Nations University, Japan
jkawasaki@unu.edu

Project Summary

Hani rice terraces in China and Ifugao rice terraces in Philippine are world-renowned sustainable rice terraces that have served local communities for thousands of years. However, climate change is affecting the sustainability of those ecological management systems as climate change brings in new dimension of continuous changes to local water cycle that would be beyond the regulating capacity of current systems. This research will address dual challenges of both excessive runoff and water scarcity due to climate change by providing ecosystem based adaptation measures to strengthen resilience of the study sties that can be extended to traditional rice terrace farming systems to cope with climate change.
During the third year of the project, it plan to synthesis of the research results into training module for capacity development of local communities, government and postgraduate education in climate change adaptation. Distance learning options will be explored. Final workshop and policy dialogue (partners, invited scientists, policymakers and international community) to summarize the project results and identify future steps for collaboration, communications and publications.

Countries Involved

Japan, Philippines, China

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use

Sub-Thematic Area

Climate Change Adaptation, Agriculture

Project Duration

3 years

APN Funds (US$)

135000

Analysis on Urban Land-Use Changes and its Impacts on Food Security in Different Asian Cities of Four Developing Countries Using Modified CA Model

2013-05-24T00:10:45-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Analysis on Urban Land-Use Changes and its Impacts on Food Security in Different Asian Cities of Four Developing Countries Using Modified CA Model

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2010-14NMY
ARCP2011-06CMY-Li

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Prof. Jianlong Li
The Global Change Research Institute, College of Life Science, Nanjing University, CHINA

Email

jlli2008@nju.edu.cn; jianlongli@sina.com.cn.

Project Summary

Assessment of changes on urban expansion and land use to agricultural production and food security in the three core cities of three developing countries using the CA model which analyses different urban land use patterns and the mechanism leading to food shortages.

Countries Involved

China, Viet Nam, India, USA and Australia

Scientific Thematic Area

Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Land Use

Project Duration

2 years

APN Funds (US$)

60000

Year of Completion

2012

Project Output

Gan, X., Zhu, M., Li, J., Yang, Q. & Huang, J. (2009). Effects of sensor spatial resolutions and classification themes on urban landscape analysis: a case study in Shanghai, China. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 35 (4), 357-368. (Doi: 10.5589/m09-031.) Retrieved from http://pubs.casi.ca/doi/abs/10.5589/m09-031.

Yang, F., Li, J., Gan, X., Qian, Y., Wu, X. & Yang, Q. (2010). Assessing nutritional status of Festuca arundinacea by monitoring photosynthetic pigments from hyperspectral data. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 70 (1), 52 - 59. (Doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2009.08.010.) Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016816990900177X.

Yang, Q., Li, J., Gan, X., Zhang, J., Yang, F. & Qian, Y. (2012). Comparison of landscape patterns between metropolises and small-sized cities: a gradient analysis with changing grain size in Shanghai and Zhangjiagang, China. International Journal of Remote Sensing 33 (5), 1446-1464. (Doi: 10.1080/01431161.2011.574161.) Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01431161.2011.574161.

Li, J. (2012). Remote Sensing Monitoring of Grassland Degradation. Beijing:Science Press.

Seagrass-Mangrove Ecosystems: Bioshields Against Biodiversity Loss and Impacts of Local and Global Change Along Indo-Pacific Coasts (The Seagrass-Mangrove Bioshield Project, SMBP)

2013-05-24T00:05:44-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Seagrass-Mangrove Ecosystems: Bioshields Against Biodiversity Loss and Impacts of Local and Global Change Along Indo-Pacific Coasts (The Seagrass-Mangrove Bioshield Project, SMBP)

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2011-12NMY-Fortes
ARCP2012-02CMY-Fortes
ARCP2013-02CMY-Fortes

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Prof. Miguel FORTES
Marine Science Institute , University of the Philippines
PHILIPPINES

Email

migueldfortes@gmail.com

Project Collaborator Emails

Prof. Takashi Asaeda, Saitama University, Japan
asaeda@mail.saitama-u.ac.jp
Dr. Wawan Kiswara, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesia
w.kiswara@nioo.knaw.nl; wkiswara@indo.net.id
Dr. Hiroshi Mukai, Kyoto University, Japan
mukaih@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Dr. Ramesh Ramachandran, Anna University, India
rramesh_au@yahoo.com
Prof. Eric Wolanski , James Cook University of North Queensland, Australia
eric.wolanski@jcu.edu.au

Project Summary

Along nutrient, chlorophyll a and siltation gradients, we determined the biodiversity, plant and macro invertebrate and fish density, plant biomass and growth rate in the seagrass beds. The results indicate a potential collective response of the ecosystem to act as bioshield, sustaining the productivity of the communities from the negative impacts of fish cage effluents, as well as from erosion wrought by climate change. This potential will be confirmed by a dispersion model and carbon flux studies, among others, once more data are available. In addition, using the acoustic video camera DIDSON, we observed the underwater behaviour of the Dugong dugon (dugong) and obtained 3D video images of the bottom, giving rough estimates of seagrass density and distribution. In the case of mangroves, mono-specific plantation of R. stylosa significantly reduces species richness and variety of the mangrove vegetation. The policy implication of this finding is worth looking into in the light of massive financial and institutional support the current mangrove reforestation program of the Philippines and Indonesia gets, using only Rhizophora. Thus, data so far support our argument in favour of a growing consensus, which places seagrass‐mangrove system conservation as priority, developing a model of the ecosystems ‘bioshield’ functions in mitigating local and global changes along Indo-Pacific coasts.

Countries Involved

Philippines, Australia, Japan, India, Indonesia

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Land Use

Sub-Thematic Area

Mitigation, Adaptation

Project Duration

3 years

APN Funds (US$)

121750

Greenhouse Gas Budgets of South and Southeast Asia

2013-05-23T23:42:40-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Greenhouse Gas Budgets of South and Southeast Asia

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2011-11NMY-Patra/Canadell
ARCP2012-01CMY-Patra/Canadell
ARCP2013-01CMY-Patra

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr. Prabir K. PATRA and Dr. Josep CANADELL
Research Institute for Global Change (JAMSTEC)
Global Carbon Project (GCP) JAPAN/AUSTRALIA

Email

prabir@jamstec.go.jp
pep.canadell@csiro.au

Project Collaborator Emails

Dr. Rizaldi Boer, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia: rizaldiboer@gmail.com
Dr. Shilong Piao, Peking University, China slpiao@pku.edu.cn
Dr. Ling-XiZhou, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China, zhoulx@cams.cma.gov.cn
Dr. Tapas Bhattacharyya, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR), India tapas11156@yahoo.com
Dr. Akihiko Ito, Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, JAPAN, itoh@nies.go.jp
Prof. Shuji Aoki, Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies, , Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan aoki@m.tohoku.ac.jp
Dr. Yosuke Niwa, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan yniwa@mri-jma.go.jp
Dr. Kentaro Ishijima, Research Institute for Global Change, Japan. ishijima@jamstec.go.jp
Dr. Erandathie Lokupitiya, University of Colombo,
Sri Lanka erandathiel@gmail.com;
Dr. Ravindra S. Lokupitiya, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka ravi@atmos.colostate.edu; lokupitiya@yahoo.com;

Project Summary

Within the United Nationals Framework Convention on Climate Change, countries are continuing to negotiate emission reduction targets and exploring mitigation strategies best suited to their biophysical characteristics. One of the largest impediments to advance in this front is the lack of high quality estimates of GHG fluxes in and out of natural and managed ecosystems. In this project, we are proposing to undertake the most ambitious synthesis effort to date using global and regional datasets and model outputs to constrain the regional GHG budgets of South and Southeast Asia, where the source/sink balance of GHGs has large uncertainty.
During the first two years on the project, project team has present carbon (CO2 and CH4) sources and sinks from the South Asia region. Major carbon fluxes from terrestrial ecosystem, land-use change, riverine export, fossil fuel burning are estimated and compared with top-down atmospheric CO2 and CH4 inverse model estimates. In the year 3, we specifically target analysis of measurements from Comilla, Bangladesh, and use the dataset in advanced data assimilation and inversion systems currently being developed in RIGG/JAMSTEC. This analysis is also likely to include other in situ data collected by other organizations from the South and Southeast Asia region as well as the remote sensing observations of CO2 and CH4 (e.g., by the GOSAT and OCO satellites). A reassessment of the carbon budget for the two regions combined will be made.

Countries Involved

Japan, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, India, Singapore, USA, Thailand The Netherlands, UK

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Changes in the Atmospheric, Terrestrial and Marine Domains

Project Duration

3 years

APN Funds (US$)

150000

Community Based Forestry and Livelihoods in the Context of Climate Change Adaptation

2013-05-22T00:54:27-05:00

Dublin Core

Title

Community Based Forestry and Livelihoods in the Context of Climate Change Adaptation

Project Item Type Metadata

Project Reference No.s

ARCP2010-12NMY
ARCP2011-04CMY-Paudel(Uprety)

Programme

ARCP

Project Leader

Dr. Naya Sharma Paudel
ForestAction Nepal

Email

naya@forestaction.org

Project Summary

This project was undertaken in the rural agrarian villages dependent on the forest resources of Bangladesh, Nepal, Thailand and Viet Nam, with a view to understanding and documenting the trend of climate change as well as the adaptation measures to cope with the adverse situations that might arise in the near future. The study was accomplished through intensive survey of households in each country and analyses of long-term (nearly 30 years) meteorological database. The results exhibited that resources, particularly natural resources and agriculture has been either reduced or experienced pattern changes. Increasing trends of climate change along with anthropogenic activities are the main reasons for the decreasing natural resources and livelihood options of the communities. The results of the analysis of long term climatic database particularly the changing trend of temperature and rainfall has been strongly supported by perceptions/opinions of the community people.
In the face of challenges of climate change and livelihoods, communities have strongly suggested to undertake some new adaptation measures such as construction of water reservoirs, strengthening aforestation programmes through community approaches, development of strong institutional mechanism, introduction of pest- and disease-resistant varieties, supply of high-quality planting materials, etc., for conservation of resources and their better livelihoods, which need strong public and private support.

Countries Involved

Bangladesh, Nepal, Thailand, Viet Nam

Scientific Thematic Area

Climate Change and Climate Variability;
Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Land Use

Sub-Thematic Area

Community-based forestry, forest resources, adaptation measures

Project Duration

2 years

APN Funds (US$)

79800

Year of Completion

2013